Phytotoxic impact of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene on Growth and Metabolism of Vigna radiata L. Seeds

Anita Bhoi; Jipsi Chandra; Shruti Shastri; Aajila Thara; Suruchi Parkhey; S. Keshavkant*

doi:10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2026-8-1-7

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Phytotoxic impact of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene on Growth and Metabolism of Vigna radiata L. Seeds

Author(s): Anita Bhoi¹, Jipsi Chandra², Shruti Shastri³, Aajila Thara⁴, Suruchi Parkhey⁵, S. Keshavkant*⁶

Email(s): ¹, ², ³, ⁴, ⁵, ⁶skeshavkant@gmail.com

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Published In: Volume - 8, Issue - 1, Year - 2026

DOI: 10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2026-8-1-7

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ABSTRACT:
The study explores the impact of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) on the early growth and germination of Vigna radiata (V. radiata; Mung bean) seeds. The 2,4-DNT, a synthetic chemical recognized as toxic to the environment, can have detrimental effects on plant growth when embedded in soil. Different concentrations (0.05, 0.15, and 0.3%, w/v) of DNT were used to observe their deleterious effects on growth parameters (germination, biomass, viability, and electrolyte leakage) of V. radiata, and was found to be sensitive towards DNT, and severe impacts were observed with an rise in concentrations of DNT. Various biochemical (reactive oxygen species, ROS; malondialdehyde, MDA) and molecular analyses were conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of their toxic impacts. Analysis of ROS and MDA levels exhibited an enormous increase (superoxide radicals: 1.57-3.42 folds, hydrogen peroxide: 1.24-1.79 folds, and MDA: 2.28-5.45 folds) in their level with an upsurge in concentrations of DNT. Moreover, levels of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase) were recorded spectrophotometrically and gene expression through RT-PCR. Results of enzymatic activities and gene expression support each other, unveiling that DNT exposure significantly influences the level of antioxidants. In conclusion, exposure to DNT imparts phytotoxic impacts on V. radiata.

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Cite this article:
Anita Bhoi, Jipsi Chandra, Shruti Shastri, Aajila Thara, Suruchi Parkhey, S. Keshavkant (2026) Phytotoxic impact of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene on Growth and Metabolism of Vigna radiata L. Seeds. NewBioWorld A Journal of Alumni Association of Biotechnology, 8(1):70-82.DOI: https://doi.org/10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2026-8-1-7

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