Abstract View

Author(s): Prachee Vaswani*1, Sumit Sarkar2, Preeti Kaur3

Email(s): 1vaswaniprachi2010@gmail.com, 2, 3

Address:

    1Chhattisgarh Biofuel Development Authority, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
    2Chhattisgarh Biofuel Development Authority, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
    3Chhattisgarh Biofuel Development Authority, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
    *Corresponding Author Email- vaswaniprachi2010@gmail.com

Published In:   Volume - 7,      Issue - 2,     Year - 2025

DOI: 10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2025-7-2-5  

 View HTML        View PDF

Please allow Pop-Up for this website to view PDF file.

ABSTRACT:
Dark Fermentation (DF) is an emerging biological method for production of sustainable hydrogen via valorisation of agricultural residues and organic wastes. The present review efficiently summarizes the recent experimental studies on production of hydrogen using lignocellulosic and agro-industrial feedstocks. The study emphasizes how the composition of biomass along with the methods of pre-treatment, activity of microbes and the optimizations of reactor operation conditions affects the hydrogen yield. Advancements and Improvements in the Pre-treatment methods, optimization of nutrients, designing of the reactors and transition from bench scale to pilot scale have increased hydrogen productivity and overall energy recovery. The process still faces some economic and operational challenges, which can be resolved by adopting emerging approaches such as process intensification, co-fermentation, microbial engineering, and optimization based on already available data demonstrates the scope of improvement in performance and supports the commercial application. Overall, the current study synthesizes an integrated biological and process-level considerations of dark fermentation pathway using agricultural residues. The review also identifies the current gaps and outlines the steps that can be approached to achieve stable, scalable, and economically viable biohydrogen production.

Cite this article:
Prachee Vaswani, Sumit Sarkar, Preeti Kaur (2025) Dark Fermentation of Agricultural Residues for Sustainable Hydrogen Production: Advances and Future Perspectives. NewBioWorld A Journal of Alumni Association of Biotechnology, 7(2):28-56.DOI: https://doi.org/10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2025-7-2-5


Abawalo, M., Pikoń, K., Landrat, M., and Ścierski, W. 2025 Hydrogen Production from Biowaste: A Systematic Review of Conversion Technologies, Environmental Impacts, and Future Perspectives. Energies, 18(17), 4520. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174520

Adjalle, K., Larose, L.-V., Bley, J., & Barnabé, S. (2017). The effect of organic nitrogenous compound content and different pretreatments on agricultural lignocellulosic biomass characterization methods. Cellulose, 24(3), 1395–1406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1199-8

Agbor, V. B., Cicek, N., Sparling, R., Berlin, A., & Levin, D. B. (2011). Biomass pretreatment: Fundamentals toward application. Biotechnology Advances, 29(6), 675–685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.005

Aghajani Delavar, M., & Wang, J. (2021a). Numerical investigation of pH control on dark fermentation and hydrogen production in a microbioreactor. Fuel, 292, 120355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120355

Aghajani Delavar, M., & Wang, J. (2021b). Numerical investigation of pH control on dark fermentation and hydrogen production in a microbioreactor. Fuel, 292, 120355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120355

Ahmadi, H., Jalil, A., Khan, S., Fabrice, N., Zhang, C., & Yu, Z. (2025). Optimized biohydrogen production from sewage sludge: Advanced pretreatment strategies in dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis cells. Energy Nexus, 20, 100573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100573

Akutsu, Y., Li, Y.-Y., Harada, H., & Yu, H.-Q. (2009). Effects of temperature and substrate concentration on biological hydrogen production from starch. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(6), 2558–2566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.01.048

Anzola-Rojas, M. D. P., Gonçalves Da Fonseca, S., Canedo Da Silva, C., Maia De Oliveira, V., & Zaiat, M. (2015). The use of the carbon/nitrogen ratio and specific organic loading rate as tools for improving biohydrogen production in fixed-bed reactors. Biotechnology Reports, 5, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2014.10.010

Argun, H., Kargi, F., Kapdan, I., & Oztekin, R. (2008). Biohydrogen production by dark fermentation of wheat powder solution: Effects of C/N and C/P ratio on hydrogen yield and formation rate. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(7), 1813–1819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.01.038

Argun, H., & Onaran, G. (2017). Effects of N/C, P/C and Fe/C ratios on dark fermentative hydrogen gas production from waste paper towel hydrolysate. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(22), 14990–15001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.289

Aruwajoye, G. S., Kassim, A., Saha, A. K., & Gueguim Kana, E. B. (2020). Prospects for the Improvement of Bioethanol and Biohydrogen Production from Mixed Starch-Based Agricultural Wastes. Energies, 13(24), 6609. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246609

Asadi, N., & Zilouei, H. (2017). Optimization of organosolv pretreatment of rice straw for enhanced biohydrogen production using Enterobacter aerogenes. Bioresource Technology, 227, 335–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.073

Balachandar, G., Varanasi, J. L., Singh, V., Singh, H., & Das, D. (2020). Biological hydrogen production via dark fermentation: A holistic approach from lab-scale to pilot-scale. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45(8), 5202–5215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.006

Baruah, J., Nath, B. K., Sharma, R., Kumar, S., Deka, R. C., Baruah, D. C., & Kalita, E. (2018). Recent Trends in the Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Value-Added Products. Frontiers in Energy Research, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2018.00141

Ben Said, L., Sakr, R. Y., Mostafa, L., Naik, M., Shaban, M., Sadeq, A. M., Rajhi, W., & Hajlaoui, K. (2026). Multi-objective optimization of a biomass-fired supercritical CO2 Brayton–electrolysis system for high‑efficiency hydrogen, power, and cogenerative thermal services. Journal of CO2 Utilization, 103, 103281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2025.103281

Busenlehner, L. S., & Armstrong, R. N. (2005). Insights into enzyme structure and dynamics elucidated by amide H/D exchange mass spectrometry. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 433(1), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2004.09.002

Cao, G., Ren, N., Wang, A., Lee, D.-J., Guo, W., Liu, B., Feng, Y., & Zhao, Q. (2009). Acid hydrolysis of corn stover for biohydrogen production using Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum W16. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(17), 7182–7188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.07.009

Carosia, M. F., Dos Reis, C. M., Sakamoto, I. K., Varesche, M. B. A., & Silva, E. L. (2017). Influence of C/P and C/N ratios and microbial characterization in hydrogen and ethanol production in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(15), 9600–9610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.01.127

Chaganti, S. R., Kim, D.-H., & Lalman, J. A. (2012). Dark fermentative hydrogen production by mixed anaerobic cultures: Effect of inoculum treatment methods on hydrogen yield. Renewable Energy, 48, 117–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.04.015

Chaganti, S. R., Pendyala, B., Lalman, J. A., Veeravalli, S. S., & Heath, D. D. (2013). Influence of linoleic acid, pH and HRT on anaerobic microbial populations and metabolic shifts in ASBRs during dark hydrogen fermentation of lignocellulosic sugars. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(5), 2212–2220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.137

Chandra, R., & Venkata Mohan, S. (2014). Enhanced bio-hydrogenesis by co-culturing photosynthetic bacteria with acidogenic process: Augmented dark-photo fermentative hybrid system to regulate volatile fatty acid inhibition. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(14), 7604–7615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.196

Chatellard, L., Marone, A., Carrère, H., & Trably, E. (2017). Trends and Challenges in Biohydrogen Production from Agricultural Waste. In A. Singh & D. Rathore (Eds.), Biohydrogen Production: Sustainability of Current Technology and Future Perspective (pp. 69–95). Springer India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3577-4_4

Chatterjee, S., & Venkata Mohan, S. (2021). Simultaneous production of green hydrogen and bioethanol from segregated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate streams with circular biorefinery design. Chemical Engineering Journal, 425, 130386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.130386

Chen, H., Wu, J., Huang, R., Zhang, W., He, W., Deng, Z., Han, Y., Xiao, B., Luo, H., & Qu, W. (2022). Effects of temperature and total solid content on biohydrogen production from dark fermentation of rice straw: Performance and microbial community characteristics. Chemosphere, 286, 131655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131655

Chen, X., Jiang, J., Zhu, J., Song, W., Liu, C., & Xiao, L.-P. (2022). Deep eutectic solvent with Lewis acid for highly efficient biohydrogen production from corn straw. Bioresource Technology, 362, 127788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127788

Cheng, J., Su, H., Zhou, J., Song, W., & Cen, K. (2011). Hydrogen production by mixed bacteria through dark and photo fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(1), 450–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.10.007

De Vrije, T., Mars, A. E., Budde, M. A. W., Lai, M. H., Dijkema, C., De Waard, P., & Claassen, P. A. M. (2007). Glycolytic pathway and hydrogen yield studies of the extreme thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 74(6), 1358–1367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0783-x

Dębowski, M., Kisielewska, M., Kazimierowicz, J., & Zieliński, M. (2025). Biophotolysis vs. Anaerobic Digestion—An Experimental Comparison of Two Pathways for Biohydrogen Production by Tetraselmis subcordiformis. Phycology, 5(4), 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology5040074

Domińska, M., Gloc, M., Olak-Kucharczyk, M., & Paździor, K. (2025). Dark Fermentation of Sizing Process Waste: A Sustainable Solution for Hydrogen Production and Industrial Waste Management. Water, 17(11), 1716. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17111716

Dzulkarnain, E. L. N., Audu, J. O., Wan Dagang, W. R. Z., & Abdul-Wahab, M. F. (2022). Microbiomes of biohydrogen production from dark fermentation of industrial wastes: Current trends, advanced tools and future outlook. Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 9(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-022-00504-8

Fadeyi, A. E., Akiode, S. O., Emmanuel, S. A., & Falayi, O. E. (2020). Compositional analysis and characterization of lignocellulosic biomass from selected agricultural wastes. Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 8(1), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol8.1.6.2020

Fan, Y.-T., Zhang, Y.-H., Zhang, S.-F., Hou, H.-W., & Ren, B.-Z. (2006). Efficient conversion of wheat straw wastes into biohydrogen gas by cow dung compost. Bioresource Technology, 97(3), 500–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.049

Gałązka, A., Jankiewicz, U., & Orzechowski, S. (2025). The Role of Ligninolytic Enzymes in Sustainable Agriculture: Applications and Challenges. Agronomy, 15(2), 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020451

Ganguly, A., Sun, P., Liu, X., Delgado, H. E., Sun, L., & Elgowainy, A. (2025). Techno-economic and life cycle analysis of bio-hydrogen production using bio-based waste streams through the integration of dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis. Green Chemistry, 27(21), 6213–6231. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05020G

García-Depraect, O., Vargas-Estrada, L., Muñoz, R., & Castro-Muñoz, R. (2025). Membrane-Assisted Dark Fermentation for Integrated Biohydrogen Production and Purification: A Comprehensive Review. Fermentation, 11(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11010019

Garcia-Maraver, A., Salvachúa, D., Martínez, M. J., Diaz, L. F., & Zamorano, M. (2013). Analysis of the relation between the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content and the thermal behavior of residual biomass from olive trees. Waste Management, 33(11), 2245–2249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.07.010

Ghimire, A., Frunzo, L., Pontoni, L., d’Antonio, G., Lens, P. N. L., Esposito, G., & Pirozzi, F. (2015). Dark fermentation of complex waste biomass for biohydrogen production by pretreated thermophilic anaerobic digestate. Journal of Environmental Management, 152, 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.12.049

Ghosh, D., Sobro, I. F., & Hallenbeck, P. C. (2012). Optimization of the hydrogen yield from single-stage photofermentation of glucose by Rhodobacter capsulatus JP91 using response surface methodology. Bioresource Technology, 123, 199–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.061

Hay, J. X. W., Wu, T. Y., Juan, J. C., & Md. Jahim, J. (2013). Biohydrogen production through photo fermentation or dark fermentation using waste as a substrate: Overview, economics, and future prospects of hydrogen usage. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 7(3), 334–352. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1403

Islam, M. R., Garcia, S. C., Sarker, N. R., Islam, Md. A., & Clark, C. E. F. (2023). Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) management strategies for dairy and meat production in the tropics and subtropics: Yield and nutritive value. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1269976. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1269976

Islam, Md. S., Guo, C., & Liu, C.-Z. (2018). Enhanced hydrogen and volatile fatty acid production from sweet sorghum stalks by two-steps dark fermentation with dilute acid treatment in between. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(2), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.11.059

Jain, R., Panwar, N. L., Jain, S. K., Gupta, T., Agarwal, C., & Meena, S. S. (2024a). Bio-hydrogen production through dark fermentation: An overview. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 14(12), 12699–12724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03282-7

Jain, R., Panwar, N. L., Jain, S. K., Gupta, T., Agarwal, C., & Meena, S. S. (2024). Bio-hydrogen production through dark fermentation: An overview. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 14(12), 12699–12724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03282-7

Jalil, A., Ahmadi, H., Ndayisenga, F., Khan, S., Ahmad, A., Wang, X., & Yu, Z. (2025). Integrating dark fermentation and electrohydrogenesis for enhanced biohydrogen production from food waste. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 9(20), 5432–5457. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00571J

Jayachandran, V., Basak, N., De Philippis, R., & Adessi, A. (2022). Novel strategies towards efficient molecular biohydrogen production by dark fermentative mechanism: Present progress and future perspective. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 45(10), 1595–1624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-022-02738-4

Kabeyi, M. J. B., & Olanrewaju, O. A. (2022). Sustainable Energy Transition for Renewable and Low Carbon Grid Electricity Generation and Supply. Frontiers in Energy Research, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2021.743114

Kaparaju, P., & Felby, C. (2010). Characterization of lignin during oxidative and hydrothermal pre-treatment processes of wheat straw and corn stover. Bioresource Technology, 101(9), 3175–3181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.008

Kaparaju, P., Serrano, M., Thomsen, A. B., Kongjan, P., & Angelidaki, I. (2009). Bioethanol, biohydrogen and biogas production from wheat straw in a biorefinery concept. Bioresource Technology, 100(9), 2562–2568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.011

Karimi Alavijeh, M., Yaghmaei, S., & Mardanpour, M. M. (2020). Assessment of Global Potential of Biohydrogen Production from Agricultural Residues and Its Application in Nitrogen Fertilizer Production. BioEnergy Research, 13(2), 463–476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-019-10046-1

Kongjan, P., O‐Thong, S., Kotay, M., Min, B., & Angelidaki, I. (2010). Biohydrogen production from wheat straw hydrolysate by dark fermentation using extreme thermophilic mixed culture. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 105(5), 899–908. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22616

Korres, N. E., & Norsworthy, J. K. (2017). Biohydrogen Production from Agricultural Biomass and Organic Wastes. In A. Singh & D. Rathore (Eds.), Biohydrogen Production: Sustainability of Current Technology and Future Perspective (pp. 49–67). Springer India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3577-4_3

Krupp, M., & Widmann, R. (2009). Biohydrogen production by dark fermentation: Experiences of continuous operation in large lab scale. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(10), 4509–4516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.10.043

Kumar, G., Shobana, S., Nagarajan, D., Lee, D.-J., Lee, K.-S., Lin, C.-Y., Chen, C.-Y., & Chang, J.-S. (2018). Biomass based hydrogen production by dark fermentation—Recent trends and opportunities for greener processes. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 50, 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2017.12.024

Kundu, P., Vineetha, S. V., Mohan, A., & Ravikumar, A. (2025). Bio-hydrogen production from various waste resources through circular economy: Current technologies and future perspective. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 27(3), 1263–1282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-025-02183-x

Lee, H.-G., & Dulany, Z. (2025). Biogas and Hydrogen Production from Waste Biomass via Dark Fermentation Evaluating VFAs, COD, and HRT for Process Optimization. Biomass, 5(3), 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass5030057

Lee, Z.-K., Li, S.-L., Lin, J.-S., Wang, Y.-H., Kuo, P.-C., & Cheng, S.-S. (2008). Effect of pH in fermentation of vegetable kitchen wastes on hydrogen production under a thermophilic condition. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(19), 5234–5241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.006

Li, R., Zhi, Z., & Wang, H. (2014). Influence of carbon/nitrogen ratio on the anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production with cow dung compost. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 6(3), 033139. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4885615

Lin, C., Wu, C., & Hung, C. (2008). Temperature effects on fermentative hydrogen production from xylose using mixed anaerobic cultures. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.09.001

Liu, C., Li, F., Zhang, P., & Balasubramanian, P. (2025). Augmented machine learning with limited data for hydrogen yield prediction in wastewater dark fermentation. Npj Clean Water, 8(1), 101. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-025-00529-4

Liu, C.-M., Chu, C.-Y., Lee, W.-Y., Li, Y.-C., Wu, S.-Y., & Chou, Y.-P. (2013). Biohydrogen production evaluation from rice straw hydrolysate by concentrated acid pre-treatment in both batch and continuous systems. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(35), 15823–15829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.07.055

Liu, C.-M., Wu, S.-Y., Chu, C.-Y., & Chou, Y.-P. (2014). Biohydrogen production from rice straw hydrolyzate in a continuously external circulating bioreactor. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(33), 19317–19322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.175

Lopez-Hidalgo, A. M., Sánchez, A., & De León-Rodríguez, A. (2017). Simultaneous production of bioethanol and biohydrogen by Escherichia coli WDHL using wheat straw hydrolysate as substrate. Fuel, 188, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.10.022

Magrini, F. E., De Almeida, G. M., Da Maia Soares, D., Fuentes, L., Ecthebehere, C., Beal, L. L., Da Silveira, M. M., & Paesi, S. (2021). Effect of different heat treatments of inoculum on the production of hydrogen and volatile fatty acids by dark fermentation of sugarcane vinasse. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 11(6), 2443–2456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-00687-0

Marone, A., Ayala-Campos, O. R., Trably, E., Carmona-Martínez, A. A., Moscoviz, R., Latrille, E., Steyer, J.-P., Alcaraz-Gonzalez, V., & Bernet, N. (2017). Coupling dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis to enhance bio-hydrogen production from agro-industrial wastewaters and by-products in a bio-refinery framework. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(3), 1609–1621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.09.166

Martínez-Fraile, C., Muñoz, R., Teresa Simorte, M., Sanz, I., & García-Depraect, O. (2024). Biohydrogen production by lactate-driven dark fermentation of real organic wastes derived from solid waste treatment plants. Bioresource Technology, 403, 130846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130846

Mizuno, O., Dinsdale, R., Hawkes, F. R., Hawkes, D. L., & Noike, T. (2000). Enhancement of hydrogen production from glucose by nitrogen gas sparging. Bioresource Technology.

Nasirian, N., Almassi, M., Minaei, S., & Widmann, R. (2011). Development of a method for biohydrogen production from wheat straw by dark fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(1), 411–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.09.073

Ohnishi, A., Bando, Y., Fujimoto, N., & Suzuki, M. (2010). Development of a simple bio-hydrogen production system through dark fermentation by using unique microflora. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(16), 8544–8553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.05.113

Okolie, J. A., Epelle, E. I., Tabat, M. E., Orivri, U., Amenaghawon, A. N., Okoye, P. U., & Gunes, B. (2022). Waste biomass valorization for the production of biofuels and value-added products: A comprehensive review of thermochemical, biological and integrated processes. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 159, 323–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.12.049

O-Thong, S., Suksong, W., Promnuan, K., Thipmunee, M., Mamimin, C., & Prasertsan, P. (2016). Two-stage thermophilic fermentation and mesophilic methanogenic process for biohythane production from palm oil mill effluent with methanogenic effluent recirculation for pH control. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41(46), 21702–21712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.095

Oztekin, R., Kapdan, I. K., Kargi, F., & Argun, H. (2008). Optimization of media composition for hydrogen gas production from hydrolyzed wheat starch by dark fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(15), 4083–4090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.052

Pawar, S. S., Nkemka, V. N., Zeidan, A. A., Murto, M., & Van Niel, E. W. J. (2013). Biohydrogen production from wheat straw hydrolysate using Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus followed by biogas production in a two-step uncoupled process. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(22), 9121–9130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.075

Pérez-Rangel, M., Barboza-Corona, J. E., Buitrón, G., & Valdez-Vazquez, I. (2020). Essential Nutrients for Improving the Direct Processing of Raw Lignocellulosic Substrates Through the Dark Fermentation Process. BioEnergy Research, 13(1), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-019-10083-w

Pineda-Muñoz, C. F., Conde-Baez, L., Lucho-Constantino, C., Medina-Moreno, S. A., & Jiménez-González, A. (2020). Ultrasonic Energy Effect on Dark Fermentation by Ultrasound Application Alone and in Combination with Heat Shock. BioEnergy Research, 13(1), 334–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-020-10104-z

Raj, T., Kapoor, M., Gaur, R., Christopher, J., Lamba, B., Tuli, D. K., & Kumar, R. (2015). Physical and Chemical Characterization of Various Indian Agriculture Residues for Biofuels Production. Energy & Fuels, 29(5), 3111–3118. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5027373

Rambo, M. K. D., Schmidt, F. L., & Ferreira, M. M. C. (2015). Analysis of the lignocellulosic components of biomass residues for biorefinery opportunities. Talanta, 144, 696–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.045

Ren, N., Guo, W., Liu, B., Cao, G., & Ding, J. (2011). Biological hydrogen production by dark fermentation: Challenges and prospects towards scaled-up production. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 22(3), 365–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2011.04.022

Rena, Mohammed Bin Zacharia, K., Yadav, S., Machhirake, N. P., Kim, S.-H., Lee, B.-D., Jeong, H., Singh, L., Kumar, S., & Kumar, R. (2020). Bio-hydrogen and bio-methane potential analysis for production of bio-hythane using various agricultural residues. Bioresource Technology, 309, 123297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123297

Rezania, S., Din, M. F. M., Taib, S. M., Sohaili, J., Chelliapan, S., Kamyab, H., & Saha, B. B. (2017). Review on fermentative biohydrogen production from water hyacinth, wheat straw and rice straw with focus on recent perspectives. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(33), 20955–20969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.007

Sarangi, P. K., & Nanda, S. (2020). Biohydrogen Production Through Dark Fermentation. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 43(4), 601–612. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201900452

Sivaramakrishnan, R., Shanmugam, S., Sekar, M., Mathimani, T., Incharoensakdi, A., Kim, S.-H., Parthiban, A., Edwin Geo, V., Brindhadevi, K., & Pugazhendhi, A. (2021). Insights on biological hydrogen production routes and potential microorganisms for high hydrogen yield. Fuel, 291, 120136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120136

Soltan, M., Elsamadony, M., & Tawfik, A. (2017). Biological hydrogen promotion via integrated fermentation of complex agro-industrial wastes. Applied Energy, 185, 929–938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.002

Song, B., Lin, R., Lam, C. H., Wu, H., Tsui, T.-H., & Yu, Y. (2021). Recent advances and challenges of inter-disciplinary biomass valorization by integrating hydrothermal and biological techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 135, 110370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110370

Su, H., Cheng, J., Zhou, J., Song, W., & Cen, K. (2009). Combination of dark- and photo-fermentation to enhance hydrogen production and energy conversion efficiency. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(21), 8846–8853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.09.001

Tenca, A., Schievano, A., Perazzolo, F., Adani, F., & Oberti, R. (2011). Biohydrogen from thermophilic co-fermentation of swine manure with fruit and vegetable waste: Maximizing stable production without pH control. Bioresource Technology, 102(18), 8582–8588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.102

Tiegam Tagne, R. F., Costa, P., Casella, S., & Favaro, L. (2024). Optimization of biohydrogen production by dark fermentation of African food-processing waste streams. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 49, 266–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.348

Tufail, T., Saeed, F., Imran, M., Arshad, M. U., Anjum, F. M., Afzaal, M., Bader Ul Ain, H., Shahbaz, M., Gondal, T. A., & Hussain, S. (2018). Biochemical characterization of wheat straw cell wall with special reference to bioactive profile. International Journal of Food Properties, 21(1), 1303–1310. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1484759

Vicelma Cardoso, Betania B. Romao, Felipe Thalles M. Silva, Julia G. Santos, Fabiana Regina X. Batista, & Juliana S. Ferreira. (2014). Hydrogen production by dark fermentation. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 38, 481–486. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1438081

Vidal, A., Mohiuddin, O., Chance, E., Serrano-Blanco, S., Howard, T. P., Muñoz-Muñoz, J., Velasquez-Orta, S., & Rios-Solis, L. (2025). Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation of agricultural waste: Novel strain and feedstock characterisation. Bioresource Technology, 434, 132839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132839

Wang, S.-L., Yang, C.-H., Liang, T.-W., & Yen, Y.-H. (2008). Optimization of conditions for protease production by Chryseobacterium taeanense TKU001. Bioresource Technology, 99(9), 3700–3707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.036

Xia, C., Jiang, D., Zhang, X., Xie, N., Lu, C., & Zhang, Q. (2025). A Performance Comparison of Three Amino Acid Additives in the Process of Photo-Fermentative Biohydrogen Production with Corn Straw. Fermentation, 11(3), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11030108

Xiao, B., Sun, X. F., & Sun, R. (2001). Chemical, structural, and thermal characterizations of alkali-soluble lignins and hemicelluloses, and cellulose from maize stems, rye straw, and rice straw. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 74(2), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(01)00163-X

Xue, S., Chen, H., Wang, F., Lv, G., Tan, L., & Liu, G. (2024). The effect of substrate acidification on the biohydrogen production by dark fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 49, 177–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.183

Yukesh Kannah, R., Kavitha, S., Sivashanmugham, P., Kumar, G., Nguyen, D. D., Chang, S. W., & Rajesh Banu, J. (2019). Biohydrogen production from rice straw: Effect of combinative pretreatment, modelling assessment and energy balance consideration. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(4), 2203–2215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.07.201

Zagrodnik, R., & Laniecki, M. (2015). The role of pH control on biohydrogen production by single stage hybrid dark- and photo-fermentation. Bioresource Technology, 194, 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.028

Zanphorlin, L. M., Facchini, F. D. A., Vasconcelos, F., Bonugli-Santos, R. C., Rodrigues, A., Sette, L. D., Gomes, E., & Bonilla-Rodriguez, G. O. (2010). Production, partial characterization, and immobilization in alginate beads of an alkaline protease from a new thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora sp. The Journal of Microbiology, 48(3), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-9269-8

Zhang, K., Ren, N., Guo, C., Wang, A., & Cao, G. (2011). Effects of various pretreatment methods on mixed microflora to enhance biohydrogen production from corn stover hydrolysate. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(12), 1929–1936. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60679-1

Zhang, K., Ren, N.-Q., & Wang, A.-J. (2014). Enhanced biohydrogen production from corn stover hydrolyzate by pretreatment of two typical seed sludges. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(27), 14653–14662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.083

Zhang, S.-C., Lai, Q.-H., Lu, Y., Liu, Z.-D., Wang, T.-M., Zhang, C., & Xing, X.-H. (2016). Enhanced biohydrogen production from corn stover by the combination of Clostridium cellulolyticum and hydrogen fermentation bacteria. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 122(4), 482–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.03.014

Zhang, T., Jiang, D., Li, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., Jing, Y., Lu, C., Zhang, Y., Xia, C., & Zhang, Q. (2022). Lignin removal, reducing sugar yield and photo-fermentative biohydrogen production capability of corn stover: Effects of different pretreatments. Bioresource Technology, 346, 126437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126437

Zong, W., Yu, R., Zhang, P., Fan, M., & Zhou, Z. (2009). Efficient hydrogen gas production from cassava and food waste by a two-step process of dark fermentation and photo-fermentation. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33(10), 1458–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.06.008

Related Images:



Recent Images



Effect of vaccination on predictive model of Covid-19 in Chhattisgarh
Traditional Midwife Practice among the Baiga Tribe
Comparative study of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of selected plant species in Urban and Industrial Polluted area in Durg District
Ethnobotany and traditional knowledge documentation
Dark Fermentation of Agricultural Residues for Sustainable Hydrogen Production: Advances and Future Perspectives
Contemporary Perspectives on Helicobacter pylori: A Review
Roadkill Incidents of Butterflies on National Highway 130C in Gariaband District, Chhattisgarh, India
Species-Specific Variation in Nutrients and Antioxidant Activity among Calocybe Mushrooms
A Review on: 3d Porous Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
Molecular Regulation of Shoot and Root Apical Meristems- Advances and Applications in Crop Improvement

Tags


Recomonded Articles:

Author(s): Lipika Verma; Dristi Verma; Shubhra Tiwari; Shailesh Kumar Jadhav

DOI: 10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2020-2-2-1         Access: Open Access Read More

Author(s): Mona Tandon; Shailesh Kumar Jadhav; Kishan Lal Tiwari

DOI: 10.52228/NBW-JAAB.2019-1-2-6         Access: Open Access Read More